Sandalphon does not appear in the canonical Bible. His name and his extraordinary identity emerge from the same Jewish mystical tradition — Merkavah mysticism and the Hekhalot literature — that produced Metatron. The name itself is a puzzle: it appears to be Greek rather than Hebrew, possibly from sym (together) and adelphos (brother), meaning "co-brother" or "twin brother." The Greek construction in a Hebrew-Aramaic mystical context is unusual and has generated considerable scholarly curiosity.
The Talmud (Hagigah 13b) describes Sandalphon as so tall that it would take five hundred years to walk from his feet to his head — his height spanning the distance between the earthly realm and the heavenly. This is not merely poetic hyperbole: it encodes his function as a being who simultaneously inhabits the lowest and the highest levels of existence, serving as a living axis between them. Where Metatron stands at the top of the cosmic hierarchy and governs Kether (the Crown), Sandalphon stands at the base and is associated with Malkuth (the Kingdom) — the earthly realm. The twins together span the entire Tree of Life.
His identification with the prophet Elijah is theologically parallel to Metatron's identification with Enoch — both are human beings who did not die in the ordinary way but were taken directly into the divine realm. Enoch walked with God and was not; Elijah was carried to heaven in a chariot of fire without dying. Both transformations are understood as the radical elevation of human consciousness to the highest angelic status through the completeness of their alignment with the divine will during their earthly lives.