The Moon changes zodiac sign roughly every two and a half days, making a sequence of aspects to other planets along the way. The Void of Course (VOC) period is the stretch between the Moon's last exact aspect before it leaves its current sign and the moment it enters the next. During this window, the Moon is traditionally read as untethered, prone to outcomes that fizzle or simply don't matter as much as they seemed to.
This is one of the oldest continuously used techniques, foundational to both horary and electional practice.